NGSShigh school
High School Chemistry
From atoms to reactions to real-world applications: atomic structure, bonding, stoichiometry, thermochemistry, acids and bases, equilibrium, and organic chemistry. A full-year course that builds both conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills.
5units
13topics
175questions
~4hours
Course Units
Learning objectives
- Describe the structure of an atom including protons, neutrons, and electrons
- Write electron configurations and relate them to an element's position on the periodic table
- Explain periodic trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity
- Distinguish between isotopes and ions based on subatomic particle counts
- Analyze photoelectron spectroscopy data to determine electron configurations and support the shell model of the atom
Topics in this unit
Learning objectives
- Distinguish between ionic, covalent, and metallic bonding based on electron behavior
- Draw Lewis structures and predict molecular geometry using VSEPR theory
- Explain how intermolecular forces determine physical properties of substances
- Relate bond polarity to electronegativity differences between atoms
- Predict the physical properties of a substance based on the types and strengths of its intermolecular forces
Topics in this unit
Learning objectives
- Classify chemical reactions by type including synthesis, decomposition, and combustion
- Balance chemical equations and apply the law of conservation of mass
- Use mole ratios to calculate quantities of reactants and products in stoichiometric problems
- Determine the limiting reagent and calculate percent yield of a reaction
- Apply the mole concept to convert between mass, moles, and number of particles
- Analyze the results of a laboratory reaction to calculate percent yield and identify sources of experimental error
Topics in this unit
Learning objectives
- Calculate enthalpy changes using calorimetry and Hess's law
- Distinguish between exothermic and endothermic reactions using energy diagrams
- Explain how temperature, concentration, and catalysts affect reaction rates
- Describe the behavior of acids and bases using the pH scale and neutralization reactions
- Calculate the pH of a solution and predict the products of an acid-base neutralization reaction
Topics in this unit
Learning objectives
- Explain why carbon is uniquely suited to form the backbone of organic molecules
- Identify and name common functional groups including hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl groups
- Describe the structure and properties of hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes
- Connect organic chemistry to biochemistry through the roles of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids
- Classify organic reactions by type including addition, substitution, and condensation and predict their products
Topics in this unit